Landing at Leh

Kushok Bakula Rimpochee Airport (IXL / VILH) in Leh is one of the most challenging airports for pilots to operate in, due to its high-altitude location surrounding Himalayan terrain, limited approach paths, weather, and qualification requirements that leave virtually no margin for error.

Overview:

• The airport is located at an elevation of 3,256m above sea level.
• It is a dual-use facility, military operated by the Indian Air Force, and civil aviation managed by the Airports Authority of India.
• The runway orientation is 07/25. Arrivals are generally on Runway 07 while departures are from 25, due to terrain and winds.

Difficulty of Landing at IXL:

• Reduced air density at heights leads to poorer aircraft performance, including longer takeoffs, reduced climb, and less engine thrust.
• Due to the Himalayas, there are significant terrain constraints. 
• The airport is surrounded by high mountains and valleys, limiting approach paths and aircraft maneuvering.
• Mountain weather can change within minutes. Strong winds and turbulence can affect routes.
• Unlike large metropolitan cities, terrain in Leh limits the placement of navigational equipment.
• Not every pilot can fly to Leh- it requires specialised training.